Loom for weaving terry fabrics



PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904.

J. H. MARGERISON. LOOM FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS.

APPLIGAI'ION 111.21) 11.13.25. 1903.

a SHBETSJSHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

No. 770,689. PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904. J. H. MARGERISON.

LOOM FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS.

: APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1903. NO MODEL 3SHEBTSSHEET 2.

HIHI HIHHI IH LIHI hawk/ PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904.

, J. H. MARGERISON. LOOM FDR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1903.

3 SHEETS-*SHEBT 3- NO MODEL.

llllllll/l/fl/llllllllfllll/f UNITED STATES Patented September 20, 1904.

PATENT QEEIQE. I

LOOM FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,689, datedSeptember 20, 1904.

Application filed March 25, 1903.

T0 (LU, whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrn H. MARGERISON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have inventedImprovements in Looms for Weaving Terry Fabrics, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to that class of looms which are employed forweaving looped-pile or terry fabrics, the object of my invention beingto so construct such a loom that it is available for the productionoffabric in which looped-pile or terry portions alternate withclosely-woven webs having a jacquard pattern or figure. This object Iattain in the manner hereinafter set forth, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a View, partly in sideelevation and partly in section, of sufficient of a loom to illustratemy present invention, the ordinary mechanism of the loom being shown bydotted lines and the parts to which my invention relates being shown byfull lines. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the jacquard mechanism of theloom. Figs. 2 and 3 are face Views of heddle-operating cams employed inconnection with the loom. Fig. 4 is a similar view of the cam foroperating the terrymotion. Fig. 5 is a view of part of the camshaft ofthe loom with said heddle cams mounted thereon, together with certainsupplementary cams preferably employed in connection therewith. Figs. 6and 7 are face views, on a reduced scale, of said supplementary cams.Fig. 8 is a plan view of three pairs of cams and of certain mechanismcooperating therewith. Fig. 9 is a view illustrating a specialembodiment of one of the features of the invention, and Fig. 10 is aView illustrating a modification of one feature of the invention.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, 1 represents the cam-shaft of the loom; 2,the 'drop-boX lever; 3, the drop-box rod, and 4 and 5 a pair of heddlessuspended from levers 4 and 5*, respectively, these levers havingdepending rods or bars 4 and 5 which are acted upon by cams on the shaft1 so as to impart the desired rising-and-falling movement to the heddles4 and 5, one of the same being raised as the other is lowered. Theseheddles con- Serial No. 149,545. (No model.)

trol the ground warp-threads of the fabric, which are drawn from awarp-beam 6, the terry warp-threads being drawn from a Warpbeam 7 andbeing controlled by harness-cords 8, which lead to a jacquard-machine,such as described hereinafter. Other jacquard harriess-cords 9 areadapted to control the ground warp-threads,and that portion of thejacquardmachine which controls these harness-cords 9 should be soconstructed as to be rendered operative or inoperative at willas, forinstance, by pushing out of engagement with the operating-lever 9, Fig.1, the link 9", which normally connects said lever to the griff-framefor operating the lifters which are connected to the harness-cords 9thisresult being ef fected Without stopping the operation of thegriff-frame, which controls the harness-cords 8, and which thereforeoperates continuously. If both ground warp-threads and terry warpthreads are engaged both by heddles and by harness-cords, thejacquard-machine may have but one griff-frame, which is renderedinoperative when the heddles are in action and operative when theheddles are out of action. Such a jacquard-machine is shown in Fig. 10.The heddles 4 and 5 have elongated eyes 10, so that while they serve tolift the ground warp-threads from the bottom to the top of the shed theywill not when both depressed offer any obstacle to the raising of theground warp-threads by the harness-cords 9. In some cases it may beadvisable to carry out this feature of my invention in the manner shownin Fig. 9that is to say, by suspending from the levers 4 5 rods or bars4 5, which engage with loops or elongated eyes 10 in the harness-cords9so that while the latter will be lifted by the levers 4 5 they can alsobe lifted independently thereof when under control of thejacquard-machine, the cords 9 thus serving the double function ofharness and heddles. While terry fabric is being woven, the groundwarp-threads are controlled by the heddles, the harness-cords 9 beinginoperative; but when it is desired to produce a closelywoven border orother portion of the web having a jacquard pattern or figure thereon theheddles are put out of operation and the ground warp-threads as well asthe terry-threads are controlled by the jacquard. The object ofcontrolling the terry warp-threads at all times by means of the jacquardis because it is advisable to raise said terry warp-threads to a higherpoint than the ground warp-threads in forming the shed, although thisresult .might of course be effected even if the terry warpthreads werecontrolled by heddles during the production of terry fabric by sooperating said terry warp-heddles that they would have a greater liftthan the ground warp-heddles. By using heddles to operate the groundwarpthreads during the production of terry fabric the cutting of thecards is simplified as compared with those of a loom in which both theground warp-threads and the terry warpthreads are shedded solely by thejacquardmachine during the weaving of both plain and terry fabric. Inorder to render the heddles operative or inoperative at will, I use camsof the character which I will now proceed to describe, these cams beingprovided with switches, which are shifted from one position to anotherat such time as is necessary to change the character of the fabric whichis being woven. This shifting of the switches can be effected by thejacquard-machine or other element of the loom which is under thenecessary control; but I preferably accom plish it by means of thedrop-box mechanism scribed.

Each of the heddle-lever bars 4 and 5 has I an antifriction-roller 11,and each of the heddle-operating cams 12 and 13 has a low concentricportion 14,a high concentric portion 15, and intervening movableswitches 16 and 17 bridging the space between the low concentric portionof the cam and the high concentric portion of the same. These pivotedswitches are normally held in operative position by coiled springs 18,operative position meaning that position of the switches shown by fulllines in Figs. 2 and 3 and which'causes reciprocation of theheddle-lever bars. The spring 18 of the switch 16 acts directly upon apin projecting from said switch through a segmental slot in the cam, butthe spring 18 of the switch 17 acts upon an arm 19, secured to thepivot-pin of the switch on the outside of the cam, said arm carrying onits outer end an antifriction-roller 20. Adjacent to the periphery ofeach of the cams 12 and 13 is a shoe 21, hung to the-outer end of an arm22, which is secured to a rock-shaft 23, having another arm, 24:,provided with antifrictionroller, which engages a grooved cam 25,suitably mounted upon a stud, shaft, or spindle 26, and having an arm 27connected by a link 28 to the'drop-box lever 2, as shown in Fig. 1.During the weaving of terry fabric one of the extreme boxes of theset-in the present instance the top boxis in action and remains inaction, and under these circumstances the cam 25 so acts upon the arm 24that each shoe 21 will be held away from the path traversed by theantifriction-rollers 20 of the switch-arms of the two cams. Hence bothcams will remain operative and the heddles 4 and 5 will be properlyshedded. When it is desired to change the character of the weave,however, the drop-box rod is raised so as to bring the other boxes intoaction, and this movement effects corresponding movement of the cam 25and throws each shoe 21 into position to engage with theantifriction-roller on the switch-arm of its corresponding cam 12 or 13,the eflect of which is to move the switches 17 to the position shown bydotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3, so that the antifrictionroller 11 oneachof the heddle-lever bars now traverses continuously in contact withthe low concentric portion of each cam, tripping the switch 16 on eachrotation of the cam. This has the effect of rendering the heddlesinoperative, and by suitable connection between the drop-box lever 2 andthe jacquard-machine the harness 9 may at the same time be renderedoperative so that all of the warp-threads, both ground and terry, nowbecome harnessoperated and a close1y-woven jacquard pattern or figurecan be produced, it being understood, of course, that the movement ofthe lay of the loom is at the same time changed from the differentialbeat employed in weaving the terry fabric to the uniform heat necessaryin weaving the close fabric. This can be effected by means similar tothose employed for rendering the heddle-cams operative or inoperativethat is to say, one of the switches 30 with which the terry-motion cam31 is provided may have an arm 32 to be actuated by connection with somepart of the drop-box mechanism when the same is raised, or by a shoe 33on an arm 3 10f the rock-shaft 23 (see Fig. 8) at the same time that theswitches 17 of the cams 12 and 13 are being operated by the shoes 21,or, if desired, the switches of all three of the cams 12, 13, and 31 maybe operated by one and the same shoe, if the latter is of proper width.The terry-motion cam acts to shift forward and backward the boxescarrying the crankshaft which effects vibration of the lay, the

latter havinga full beat when the boxes are I in the forward positionand only a partial beat when the boxes are in the retracted position. Inthe present instance each bearingbox is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1connected to one arm of a bell-crank lever 50, whose other arm isconnectedto a lever 51, the latter being connected to a bar 52, which isacted upon by theterry-motion cam. This bar has an anti-friction-ro'ller53, and when the roller is acted upon by the high part of the cam 31, asshown in Fig. 4:, the bearingboxes of the crank-shaft are retracted; butwhen the roller is traveling in'contact with the low part of the camsaid bearing-boxes are projected. When the switch 30 is open,

the roller 53 travels continuously in contact with the low portion ofthe cam. Consequently the bearing-boxes are projected and the lay has afull beat on every pick. The throwing into operation of that partof thejacquardmachine' which controls the harness-cords 9 may also be effectedby the described movement of the drop-box lever, the latter beingconnected by a cord 35 to a cam. 36, which acts upon the link 9 to throwit out of engagement with the operating-lever, a spring 37 acting uponsaid cam to move it in opposition to the pull of the cord 35, or thehooks which control the harness-cords 9 may be held out of operation bya suitable formation of the pattern-cards during the weavingof terryfabric and permitted to come into operation by a change in the characterof the cards when necessary. As the cam 31 will usually be driven at arate of speed different from that of the cams 12 and 13, said cam ismounted on a sleeve 38 on the shaft 1 and is driven from the main shaftby a train of gears 10, 4:1, and 42, difierent from the gears 13, 4:41,and45, which drivethe shaft 1, these gears being represented by thedotted circles in Fig. 1. The cam is so formed that as long as any ofthe boxes other than the top box are in action the shoes 21 and 33 willbe maintained in such position as to move the switches 17 and to theposition shownby dotted lines in Figs. 2, 3, and 4: on each rotation ofeach cam12, 13, or 31; but as soon as the weaving of close fabric hasbeen completed and the top box has again been brought into action theshoes will be withdrawn-and the switches permitted to assume and retaintheir normal position, as shown by full lines, so as to again renderoperative the heddles 4 and 5, and at the time the harness 9 is put outof action and the lay resumes its differential beat.

In connection with each of the cams 12, 13, and 31 I prefer to use asupplementary cam 12, 13, or 31, which is in the nature of a dummy cam,having portions 14: and 15 parallel with the low and high concentricpor; tions of the corresponding cams 12, 13, or 31, but having'nothingcorresponding with the switches 16, 17, or 30, so that it does notinterfere with the free movement of the antifriction-rollers over orunder said switches. These dummy cams act upon supplementaryantifriction-rollers 11, as shown in Fig. 4:.

While I prefer to effect automatically, as described, the variousoperations necessary to change from the weaving of terry fabric to theweaving of close fabric with pattern or figure thereon, my invention, inits broader embodiment, is not limited to such automatic operation, butcontemplates as well the making of the necessary changes by hand.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics,of heddles and harness, each adapted to control warp-threads, and meansfor rendering the harness inoperative during the period of heddlecontrol, substantially'as specified.

2. The combinatlon in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddlesandharness, each adapted to control warp-threads, and means for renderingthe heddles inoperative during the period of harness control,substantially as specified.

3. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control the ground warp-threads,

and harness controlling the terry warpthreads, substantially asspecified.

4. he combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control the ground warp-threads, harnesscontrolling the terry warp-threads, and means for rendering theground-warpthread heddles inoperative during the time that said threadsare harness-controlled, substantially as specified.

5. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control the ground warp-threads, harnesscontrolling the terry warp-threads, and means for rendering theground-warpthread harness inoperative during the time that said groundwarp=threads are heddle-controlled, substantially as specified.

6. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of harness andheddle ,mechanism, and means for rendering said heddle mechanisminoperative during the period of harness control, one of said mechanismshaving elongated eyes whereby operation of either may be effectedwithout interference by'the other, substantially as specified.

7. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of harness andheddles, each adapted to control warp-threads, and means for renderingthe heddles inoperative during the period of harness control, saidheddles having elongated eyes or loops for the passage of thewarp-threads, wherebythey will not interfere with the movement of saidwarplti lngieads by the harness, substantially as'speci- 8. Thecombination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles and harness,each adapted to control warp-threads, and means connected to some movingpart of the loom for rendering the heddles inoperative during the periodof harness control, substantially as specified.

9. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control warp-threads, and means connected tothe drop-box mechanism for rendering the heddles inoperative during theperiod of harness control, substantially as specified.

10. The combination in a 100111 for weaving terry fabrics, of heddlesand harness, each adapted to control warp-threads, and 'means connectedto some moving part of the loom for rendering the harness inoperativeduring. the period of heddle control, substantially as specified.

11. The combination in a loom for weaving terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control warp-threads, and :means connected tothe drop-boxmechanismfor rendering the harness inoperative during theperiod of heddle control, substantially as specified.

12. The combination in'a loom forweaving terry: fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control the ground warp threads,

harness controlling the terry warp-threads,

and means connected to some-movingv part of the loom for renderingtheheddles inoperative during the time that the ground warp-threads are1harness-controlled, substantially as specifie 13. The combinationzin'aloom for weaving terry fabrics, of harness-and heddles, each adaptedtocontrol the ground warp-threads, harness controlling the terrywarp-threads, and means-connected to the drop-boX-mechanism forrendering the heddles inoperative during the time that the groundwarp-threads arei harness-controlled, substantially as specifie 14. Thecombination in a loom for weaving. terry fabrics, of heddles andharness, each adapted to control the ground warp-threads, harnesscontrolling the terry warp-threads, and means connected to some movingpart of the loom for-rendering the ground-.warpthread harnessinoperative during the time that said ground warp-threads areheddle-com. trolled, substantially, as specified.

15. Thecombination in a loom-for weaving terry fabrics, of harness andheddles, each: adapted to control the ground warp-threads,- harnesscontrolling the terry warp-threads,-.

and means-connected to the drop-box-mechanism for rendering theground-warp-thread harness inoperative duringthe time that saidgroundwarp-threads are heddle-controlled, substantially as specified.

16. The combination in a loom for weaving: terry fabrics, of harnessforcontrolling the ground and terry Warp-threads, .and meansforthrowing outof "action, at intervals, the terry-motion for operating the'lay, so asto provide for a full beat of the'latter, substantially as specified.

1'7.v .The combination in a loomfor weaving terry fabrics, of harnessfor-controlling both the ground and terry warp-threads and meansconnected to some moving part of the loom forthrowing out-of action, atintervals, the

terry-motion which controls the movement of the lay,- substantially-asspecified.

18. The'combinationin a'loom for weaving terry fabrics, ofharnesscontrolling both the ground and terrywarp'threads, and meansconnected to the drop -box mechanism for= being under control-ofthe-drop-box mechan-- ism of the loom, substantiallyas specified.

20; .The combination'in aloom for weaving terry'fabrics, ofia. camhaving 'a movable switch, a'shoefor-operating the same,- a cam forcontrolling the position of said shoe, and

aconnection between: saidcarnand some.

moving part I of the loom, substantially as specified.

21. The combination in a loornfor weaving terry fabrics,-.of a camhaving, a movable switch, a shoe foroperating thesame, acamfor'controlling. the position of said shoe, anda connectionbetween'saidcam and the dropbox lever, substantially as specified.

22. The combination in a loom, of a jacquard lifter-frame, mechanism foreffecting vertical reclprocation of 'thesame, and means whereby saldmechanism 1s rendered operative or inoperativeby connection withthedrop-box mechanism of the loom- In testimony whereof I havesignedmyname to this specificationin the presence of two-subscribingawitnesses.-

JOSEPH H. MARGERISON.

Witnesses:

F. E'rBEGHTOLD, J os. H. KLEIN.

